An hour's drive from the main city of Chongqing, you can reach the intelligent prefabrication yard of the Chongqing section of the Chengdu-Chongqing Central Line of China Railway No. 5. The Chengdu-Chongqing Line under construction is an important part of China's "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed rail network along the Yangtze River, where all the prefabricated components used in the construction of the Chongqing section are produced.
When entering the precast yard, the reporter saw that the clean and orderly replaced the previous scene of steel piles and concrete everywhere. "People used to do it, but now people run machines." Said Chen Minmin, deputy chief engineer of the precast yard.
With fewer workers, production has increased
The bundles of steel bars are straightened as the machine rotates, and then slowly fed into another machine, where the individual shafts begin to operate. The machine has what looks like an infinite number of hands, making steel bars into prefabricated pieces of various shapes. Worker Qin Guangjun stands nearby, his main task is to put the finished component code into the box.
"This machine is called CNC hoop bending machine, and it can make 2,800 stirrup parts in an hour." Qin Guangjun, who has been working for more than ten years, pointed to the machine and said that the previous measurement, cutting, bending and other processes relied on manual labor, a team of at least a dozen people, and now a person can complete the operation of the machine.
In the process of visiting the intelligent prefabrication yard of the Chongqing section of the Chengdu-Chongqing Central Line of China Railway No. 5 Bureau, "fewer workers" is the most intuitive feeling of the reporter. "A prefab of this size used to require about 60 workers. Now 20 workers are enough." 'Although there are fewer workers, production has increased,' Mr. Chen said.
At the other end of the prefabrication yard, several robotic arms are constantly waving, and heavy prefabricated modules are easily grabbed and placed on the smart production line. With the operation of the machine, the processes of steel bar molding, concrete pouring, turnover stripping, cleaning and spraying are all automated. Sheets of prefabricated components were quickly made and transported into the warehouse in double-deck trucks.
Worker Lv Leaf told reporters that the traditional prefabricated component construction needs to manually mix the concrete first, and then pour the concrete into the mold with a shovel. The production of good prefabricated components, also rely on manual lifting and transferring, which is time-consuming and laborious. Now we just have to keep an eye on the machine and make sure it works.
"Since there are robots, management is easier." Chen Minmin sighed, the former construction site "command all rely on roar, operation all rely on hand", now set the program and parameters, workers only use keys, dirty work, hard work, dangerous work, etc., can be handed over to the machine to complete, workers' occupational health and product quality have been greatly guaranteed.
The construction industry is experiencing a wave of wisdom
A 200kg piece of glass, which is handled and installed effortlessly by a robot; The most time-consuming and labor-intensive link in the construction of road marking can be quickly completed by robots; Like a large iron, the automatic floor grinding robot not only grinds fast, but also vacuumes while working... In late November, at the "China Builds a Smart Future - the First Construction Robot Competition" held in Fuling District, Chongqing, construction robots from more than 70 leading enterprises in 18 provinces and cities launched a competitive competition.
"In the past, a curtain wall weighing hundreds of kilograms required at least seven workers to carry and install, while a curtain wall robot was operated by only one person." Jiang Shiyong, chief engineer of Yujian Construction Industry Technology Group Co., LTD., said the robot, which they jointly developed with Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, has greatly improved labor efficiency.
At the site, a multi-functional tunnel construction assistance robot attracted everyone's attention. According to the head of the research and development team of the robot, after the completion of the tunnel blasting, the toxic and harmful gases on the working face are mainly detected by artificial hand-held gas detection instruments, which requires workers to be on duty 24 hours a day and has high labor intensity. The robot can immediately enter to collect various types of gas information, collect the blasting situation of the tunnel, and form a model in the background through data transmission.
"There is a wave of wisdom in the domestic construction industry, and 'building a house like a car' and 'building a house with robots' will become a reality." Industry insiders said that from construction to intelligent manufacturing has become a development trend.
In November last year, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development announced a list of smart construction pilot cities, and 24 cities including Beijing, Tianjin and Chongqing were selected. The pilot cities will build intelligent construction industrial bases, develop new industries such as digital design, intelligent production, intelligent construction, construction robots, and the construction industry Internet, and build intelligent construction industrial clusters.
Traditional workers face changes and challenges
In the China Railway No. 5 Chengdu-Chongqing line intelligent prefabrication field, workers Lv leaves, Qin Guangjun told reporters that before work on the site, always bitter, dirty and tired, after the construction site has a robot, the work is more decent, easier, but also can attract more young people to join the construction industry.
Chen Minmin believes that the popularization and application of construction robots is conducive to solving the pain points such as labor shortage and aging in the construction industry, and it is a new track for the coordinated development of intelligent construction and building industrialization.
However, more and more robots are being introduced into the construction site, which also poses new skill requirements and challenges for traditional manual workers. "I used to rely on experience, but now I have to learn more." Lu said that the introduction of robots is also forcing themselves to actively learn new technologies and master new methods.
Chen Minmin added that with the popularization of intelligent machines, the job responsibilities of traditional workers will also change, and they need to be trained and adapted to new technologies, learn how to work with robots, and pay attention to the operation, maintenance and monitoring of robots to ensure the normal operation of robots and improve work efficiency.
Industry insiders pointed out that when traditional construction operations are replaced by robots, more robot-related industries and jobs will emerge, such as robot operators, maintenance personnel and programming personnel, and the construction industry needs to adapt to this structural change and cultivate new skills.
Source: China Industrial net - Workers Daily